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Algeria’s poor fret over plan to slash subsidies on basic goods

AFP . Algiers
25 Nov 2021 00:00:00 | Update: 25 Nov 2021 05:03:49
Algeria’s poor fret over plan to slash subsidies on basic goods

Algeria plans to scrap its generous state subsidies on basic goods that have long helped maintain social peace but strained state budgets as energy revenues have fallen. 

Many economists support the plan as a necessary evil, as long as the neediest are protected, but some poor families are fearful about the impact.

The North African country, heavily dependent on oil and gas exports, has for decades subsidised everything from bread and milk to fuel and electricity, at the cost of billions of dollars a year.

But income from energy exports has fallen for years, especially during the downturn driven by the Covid-19 pandemic, heightening the strain on public finances in the country of 43 million.

The International Monetary Fund (IMF), which advocates subsidy reform, last month urged Algiers to “recalibrate” its policies.

Lawmakers voted last week to wind back the subsidy system that has helped share the energy wealth with all households regardless of income, leaving some people worried about how they will get by. “It’s a disaster,” Hafidha, a mother-of-two with a monthly pension of 50,000 dinars ($360) said at an Algiers market. 

“Already with the current prices we have a hard time making ends meet. The price of sugar, oil, water and fuel will definitely go up.” Public fears were stoked when fruit and vegetable prices recently skyrocketed. 

The price of potatoes more than tripled to 140 dinars ($1) a kilogram, although authorities blamed this on market speculators they said they had since disbanded.

Recalibration

During Algeria’s transition to a market economy in the 1990s, subsidies replaced the fixed prices of a planned economy that had been in place since independence from France in 1962.

Algeria’s subsidy system has been financed by energy exports that account for about 95 percent of foreign revenues and 60 percent of its budget.

But with a recent decline in energy prices, “the state no longer has the means for such a generous social policy” economist Omar Berkouk told AFP.

“All the World Bank and International Monetary Fund experts, as well as economists, have pointed to the need to reduce (subsidies) by better targeting the recipients,” he added.

Critics of state subsidies say they are costly, create harmful market distortions and are inefficient because they help rich households more than poor ones.

In early October, the IMF said the pandemic and a fall in oil prices and output had “seriously impacted the economy last year” when Algeria’s real GDP contracted by 4.9 percent.

Although a recovery is underway, it recommended “a broad-based fiscal adjustment” with measures to protect the most vulnerable should start in 2022.

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