Taiwanese President Lai Ching-te said Wednesday that China was attempting to force Taiwan into submission but the self-ruled island would not bow to pressure.
China claims Taiwan as part of its territory and has said it will never renounce the use of force to bring it under Beijing's control.
In recent years, Beijing has upped military and political pressure on the Taipei government, with the latest show of force coming three days after Lai's inauguration, when China conducted war games around the island.
Speaking at a press conference Wednesday to mark his first month in office, Lai said:"The annexation of Taiwan is a national policy of the People's Republic of China".
"In addition to military force, they have increasingly employed non-traditional methods of coercion to try to force Taiwan into submission," he said.
"However, Taiwan will not bow to the pressure. The people of Taiwan will resolutely defend national sovereignty and uphold the democratic and free constitutional way of life."
China had said the war games -- launched days after Lai's May 20 inauguration -- were "punishment" for Lai's inaugural speech, which Beijing dubbed a "confession of Taiwan independence".
Encircling Taiwan with warships, fighter jets and coastguard vessels, China said the three-day drills -- dubbed Joint Sword-2024A -- were a test of its ability to seize control of the island.
After the exercises, Beijing vowed military pressure would continue "as long as 'Taiwan independence' provocations continue".
The island -- separated from China by a narrow channel -- has its own government, military and currency.
Lai -- regarded as a "dangerous separatist" by China -- has hewed closely to the rhetoric of his predecessor Tsai Ing-wen, saying that there is no need for Taiwan to formally declare independence as it is "already independent".
But both Lai and Tsai's Democratic Progressive Party have long stood on the platform of Taiwanese sovereignty, and China has not conducted top-level communications with Taipei since 2016.
